DISPLAY <device> {option} {baud} {tty_line}
        {SIZE {FRAME | CANVAS} <width> <height>}
        {POSITION <xy>}
        {POSITION
           <xy | UL | UC | UR | CL | CC | CR | LL | LC | LR>
           {SCREEN | THREAD <thread>}
           {xy | UL | UC | UR | CL | CC | CR | LL | LC | LR}}
        {POSITION
           <ABOVE | BELOW | LEFT | RIGHT | CENTER>
           {SCREEN | THREAD <thread>}}
DISPLAY COLORMAP <total_colors> {static_colors}
DISPLAY COLORMAP DEFAULT
DISPLAY RESOLUTION <dots_per_inch>
 
sets the display device or creates an output file for generating a hardcopy
map.
 
usages
 
<device> {option} {baud} {tty_line} - specifies the display device for your
ARC/INFO graphics.  If the <device> is a graphic terminal, you can also specify
the size and position of the graphic display window and an alternative TTY line
to which another display device is attached.  If the <device> is specified as
1040 (i.e., a graphics file), <device> and {option} can specify the format of
the output file to be generated.
 
<device> {SIZE} {POSITION} - SIZE specfies the size of the graphic display
window frame or canvas or the size of the output file to be generated.
POSITION specifies where the graphic display window will be positioned.  These
options are available on X-based terminals and workstation consoles only.
Display windows can be positioned at explicit x,y locations on the screen or at
positions relative to the screen or to an AML menu opened with the AML
directive &THREAD.  The general usage is:
 
DISPLAY 9999 POSITION <display_window_position> {screen_position |
aml_thread_position}
 
COLORMAP - sets the number of colors and their allocation in the display
colormap for X-based devices.  For pseudo-color devices (i.e., those with
limited colors such as 8 bit-planes), the number of colors available on the
device can be adjusted to more closely match the color requirements of the
graphics being drawn.  This is often important for color image display.
 
RESOLUTION - sets the resolution or dots-per-inch of the display.  This is
useful to determine how much information will be captured in the output file
to be sent to the display device.
 
arguments
 
<device> - specifies the graphic display for screen or hardcopy output.  This
is either a device number such as 4207 or 9999 or an output file such as 1040
2.  See the 'notes' section below for a short list of supported devices.
 
{option} - specifies an optional parameter to <device> argument.  These options
can be divided into two groups:  screen display devices and output display
files.
 
screen display
 
{option} - specifies a graphic display option depending on the graphics
terminal or workstation being used.  (Skip this argument if you want to set a
specific size and position using the SIZE and POSITION arguments.)
 
Valid entries for {option} include:
 
1 - creates a graphics window approximately 640 X 480 pixels in the upper-left
corner of the screen.  It occupies about one-third of the available display
area.  This is the default.
 
2 - creates a graphics window that occupies roughly two-thirds of the screen.
 
3 - creates a graphics window that leaves enough room at the bottom of the
screen for about four lines of dialog.
 
4 - creates a graphics window that fills the entire screen.
 
output file
 
{option} - when display device is set to 1040, there are six options for output
file formats:
 
1  -  ARC/INFO graphics file, the default
2  -  PostScript (EPS)
3  -  Adobe Illustrator
4  -  CGM (character)
5  -  CGM (clear text)
6  -  CGM (binary)
 
1 - creates an ARC/INFO graphics file.  The graphics file is a device-
independent file that uses standard IGL (Interactive Graphics Language)
subroutine calls to store map-to-page transformations, font handling parameters
(hinting and scaling), symbol parameters (color, size, scale, etc.), drawing
instructions and compressed raster image data.  This is the default.
 
2 - creates an Encapsulated PostScript file.  This is an ASCII file that
conforms to the Adobe Document Structuring Conventions for the EPSF format.
 
3 - creates an Adobe Illustrator file.  This is an ASCII file that can be read
only by an Adobe Illustrator graphics software program.
 
4 - creates a Computer Graphics Meta (CGM) file in character encoding format.
This is a graphics exchange file optimized for compactness and ease of
transmission and usability between networks and communications environments.
 
5 - creates a Computer Graphics Meta (CGM) file in clear text encoding format.
This is a graphics exchange file optimized for human readability and
editability in a text editor.
 
6 - creates a Computer Graphics Meta (CGM) file in binary encoding format.
This is a graphics exchange file optimized for maximal efficiency of the
hardware device encoding and decoding.
 
When <device> is set to 1040, you will be prompted to name the output file.  If
the file name you specify already exists, the existing output file will be
deleted and immediately replaced with the new one.  When device is 1040 or 1040
1, a .gra extension will be appended to the output filename unless you have
already specified such.  This is the suggested naming convention for ARC/INFO
graphics files.  Refer to the 'Creating hardcopy maps' chapter in Map Display
and Query for more information on how to plot and use these output files.
 
{baud} {tty_line} - these arguments are used to route graphics to an alternate
ANSI graphic device (e.g., 4211).
 
baud - the baud rate of the alternate line specified in {tty_line}.  The
default is 9600.
 
tty_line - the tty line number of the device where graphic output will be sent.
 
{SIZE {FRAME | CANVAS} <width> <height>} - specifies the size of the graphic
display window frame or canvas or the size of the output file in device pixels.
 
 
SIZE - a keyword required for specifying the size of the graphic display window
or output file size.  By default, the size of the display window is
approximately 640 by 510 pixels and is located at the upper left corner of the
screen.  When device is set to 1040, the maximum default graphics file size is
100 inches wide by 100 inches high.  The valid graphics file size value is
unlimited.
 
FRAME - the specified size will include the frame of the window.  The size of
the canvas will be slightly smaller.
 
CANVAS - the specified size will be the size of the canvas not including the
frame.  This sets the size of the drawing area; the total size of the window
will be slightly larger than the given size.
 
width - the width of the display window or output file in device pixels.  If
the specified width for the display window is greater than the width of the
terminal screen, the display window will extend beyond the right side of the
terminal screen.
 
height - the height of the display window or output file in device pixels.  If
the specified height for the display window is greater than the height of the
view, the display window will extend below the terminal screen.
{POSITION <xy>} - positions the upper left corner of the graphic display window
at the specified x,y screen location.  <xy> are given in screen pixels.  The
point of origin for the terminal screen (0,0) is the upper left corner.
 
{POSITION
    <xy | UL | UC | UR | CL | CC | CR | LL | LC | LR>}
    {SCREEN | THREAD <thread>}
    {xy | UL | UC | UR | CL | CC | CR | LL | LC | LR}} -
positions a point on the graphic display window to a point on the screen or a
menu opened with the AML directive &THREAD.  For example, position the upper
left (UL) corner of the display window at the upper right (UR) corner of an AML
menu by entering the command:
 
Arcplot: DISPLAY 9999 POSITION UL THREAD MAPMENU UR
 
<xy | UL | UC | UR | CL | CC | CR | LL | LC | LR> - specifies a position on the
graphic display window.
 
xy - a coordinate position in screen pixels on the graphic display window.  The
point of origin for the graphic display window (0,0) is the upper left corner
of the frame.
 
UL | UC | UR | CL | CC | CR | LL | LC | LR - specifies one of nine points
located on the edge of the frame.
 
UL Upper Left     UC Upper Center     UR Upper Right
CL Center Left    CC Center Center    CR Center Right
LL Lower Left     LC Lower Center     LR  Lower Right
 
{SCREEN | THREAD <thread>} - specifies the object to which the graphic display
window will be positioned.
 
SCREEN - the graphic display window will be positioned relative to a location
on the workstation screen.  This is the default object.
 
THREAD <thread> - the graphic display window will be positioned relative to a
location on the menu which was invoked with the &THREAD directive (see the AML
User's Guide).
 
{xy | UL | UC | UR | CL | CC | CR | LL | LC | LR} - specifies a point on the
object to which the graphic display window will be located.  The default is the
the same point specified for the display window.
 
{POSITION
     <ABOVE | BELOW | LEFT | RIGHT | CENTER>
     {SCREEN | THREAD <thread>}} - positions the graphic display window
relative to the screen or a menu opened with the AML directive &THREAD.
 
<ABOVE | BELOW | LEFT | RIGHT | CENTER> - the relative position of the graphic
display window to the object.
 
COLORMAP <total_colors> {static_colors} - sets the number and allocation of
colors in the display colormap.  This option only applies to pseudocolor
devices (16-bit planes or less) running X-windows.  See the discussion section
for more information on display colormaps.
 
total_colors - the total number of colorcells to be allocated to the display
colormap for the current application.  The maximum value for <total_colors> or
colorcells that can be allocated depends upon the number of bit planes of the
output device.  For any output device, the maximum value for <total_colors> can
be calculated with the equation 2n, where n is the number of bit planes.  Given
an 8-bit workstation (the most common), the maximum value of <total_colors> is
28 or 256.  The number of colorcells in the display colormap cannot exceed the
maximum size, but it can have fewer.
 
static_colors - sets the number of static or predefined cyclic colors to
allocate to the display colormap.  The default number of static colorcells
allocated is the largest perfect cube that is less than <total_colors>.  If the
value specified for {static_colors} is not a perfect cube, the closest perfect
cube less than the specified number is used.  For example, if 135 was specified
for {static_colors}, 125 or 53 would be the number of static colors set.  The
remaining colorcells are dynamic colorcells.  See the colormap discussion for
further details about colorcell allocations.
 
COLORMAP DEFAULT - resets the ARC/INFO colormap of total colors and static
colors back to the initial default state or to the largest perfect cube that
will fit within the device display colormap.
 
RESOLUTION <dots_per_inch> - sets the resolution or pixels-per-inch of the
output display file.
 
dots_per_inch - the number of dots-per-inch (dpi) in device pixels to
rasterize the graphics in the output file.  This measure is the same in
x and y dimensions.  As a default, ARCPLOT captures graphics files at 500 dpi.
 
notes
 
DISPLAY must be set to open the graphic window and display features in
ARC/INFO.  It can be set at the Arc: prompt or in any graphic program (e.g.,
ARCPLOT or ARCEDIT).  DISPLAY needs to be set only once during an ARC/INFO
session, but it can be specified any number of times to change the size and
position of the graphic display window.  All ARC/INFO programs remember the
last specified DISPLAY environment.  DISPLAY is often included in an &STATION
file used at the start of every ARC/INFO session.
 
ARC does not check to see if a valid device is specified with the DISPLAY
command.  If an incorrect device number is given, a warning message is
displayed when a graphics program such as ARCPLOT begins execution.
 
Once a graphics terminal or workstation is specified in the DISPLAY command,
the screen will clear as the device is put into screen graphics mode.  On
graphics workstations, the ARCPLOT prompt will reappear in a separate window or
in the command dialog area.  This area is where you enter commands.  Once you
are in screen graphics mode, anything you draw appears directly on the screen.
 
There is no limit to the number of 1040 output files that can be generated in
an ARCPLOT session.
 
When <device> is 1040, no {option} need be set to create an ARC/INFO graphics
file.  The graphics file is an extended plot file that supports solid-panel
fills, hardware line weight instructions, true color definitions, font scaling,
and raster imagery.
 
When 1040 is specified in the DISPLAY command, you will be prompted for the
output file name.
 
Enter Output filename :
 
The ARC/INFO graphics file is a device-independent graphics file that can be
submitted to a plotter with the ARC command PLOT to produce hardcopy maps.
Refer to Installing ARC/INFO Rev.6.1.
 
After DISPLAY has been set to 1040 and a filename has been given, ARCPLOT will
subsequently capture the output from drawing commands into the specified output
file.  Since nothing is drawn on the terminal screen when these files are being
created, you can use a nongraphic terminal to run ARCPLOT to produce output
files with DISPLAY 1040.  The output file is closed by giving DISPLAY again or
quitting the ARCPLOT session.  Refer to Chapter 11, Creating Hardcopy Output,
in Map Display and Query.
 
Use SIZE with DISPLAY 1040 to adjust the size of the output file.  By default
the 1040 file cannot exceed 100 inches by 100 inches.  Using the Size option,
these values can be changed.  If the requested page size exceeds the maximum
device size, the graphics will be scaled to fit the device, and the following
message will be displayed:
 
Warning: Pagesize exceeds device limits, scaling down
 
Setting the resolution of the output file can be useful to enhance or decrease
the graphic quality of your hardcopy map.  If you know the resolution of the
hardcopy output device, you may want to match the resolution for graphics file
creation.  For example, if you know that the map's graphics are captured at the
default 500 dpi and you are sending output to a 300 dpi (dots-per-inch) device,
you can set the resolution to 300 to compress the size of the output file.
Alternatively, you may want to send output to a high-end imagesetter with 2000
dpi, so you increase the resolution to 2000.
 
When creating a map composition for subsequent hardcopy output, you should
specify both the current graphic display using DISPLAY <device> and the desired
resolution of the hardcopy device using DISPLAY RESOLUTION.
 
Giving DISPLAY after you use the MAP command will close the current map
composition.
 
Setting the size of the graphics display window is useful as a WYSIWYG tool in
designing hardcopy maps.  For example, you may be creating maps to fit on
standard 8.5-inch-by-11-inch format, so you set the size of your display window
in device pixels-per-inch to match the page size.
 
Here is a list of a few of the supported <device> drivers and the devices they
specify:
 
device:    option:     description:
 
100                    Selanar HiREZ 100XL
230                    Envision 220 and 230, Lear Siegler 7107
250                    GraphOn 250
500                    Visual 500
550                    Visual 550
4010                   Tektronix 4010, 4011 (and emulators)
4027                   Tektronix 4027
4105                   Tektronix 4105
4107                   Tektronix 4107
4109                   Tektronix 4109
4111                   Tektronix 4111
4112                   Tektronix 4112
4113                   Tektronix 4113
4114                   Tektronix 4114
4115                   Tektronix 4115
4125                   Tektronix 4125
4205                   Tektronix 4205
4207                   Tektronix 4207
4208                   Tektronix 4208
4209                   Tektronix 4209
9999                   X based terminals and workstations
1040          1        ARC/INFO graphics file
1040          2        PostScript (EPS)
1040          3        Adobe Illustrator
1040          4        CGM (character encoded)
1040          5        CGM (clear text encoded)
1040          6        CGM (binary encoded)
 
See the ARC/INFO Rev. 6.0 Supported Devices for your platform for further
reference.
 
colormap discussion
 
The display characteristics of any graphic objects drawn on the screen--whether
polygons and arcs from a coverage, images, grids or tins--are dependent upon
two factors:  1) the color requirements of the object and 2) the color display
capabilities of the output device (e.g., terminal, plotter, etc.).  The color
requirements for graphic objects depend upon how the data is to be represented
visually.  For some presentations, two colors might be satisfactory, but for
others such as image display, several hundred colors might be needed.
 
The visual representation of the graphic objects on the output device is
ultimately limited by the number of colors the output device can simultaneously
display.  The color display capabilities of output devices range from two
colors for a monochrome device up to and over 16.7 million colors for a true
color device.  There is not much that can be done on a monochrome device if
more than two colors are needed.  On a true color device, there is no need to
improve the color display because a true color device can essentially provide
an unlimited range of colors.  On pseudocolor devices, the colors available on
the device can be adjusted to more closely match the color requirements of the
graphic objects.  This adjustment is made with the COLORMAP option to the
DISPLAY command.
 
When a graphics program is initiated, ARC/INFO automatically loads a predefined
set of colors into a table called the display colormap.  The display colormap
is essentially a lookup table containing a color index and its color
definition.  The individual entries in the display colormap are called
colorcells.
 
All colors required during the graphic session are matched to the preloaded set
of colors.  For most applications, these preloaded colors provide an adequate
set of colors necessary to display the graphic objects.  Thus, if you are
satisfied with the color fidelity of your graphic display, you do not need to
adjust the display colormap.  However, if you have an application that
requires, for example, 256 shades of gray, then you might want to adjust the
allocation of colors in the display colormap to accommodate the gray shades.
 
The display colormap can contain two types of colorcells, static and dynamic.
Static colorcells are loaded with a predefined set of colors that accommodates
a broad range of color requirements.  Dynamic colorcells are not predefined.
Dynamic colorcells are temporary colors that are defined and allocated as
needed.
 
Though the maximum size of the display colormap is fixed, the distribution of
static versus dynamic colorcells can be varied.  Static colors provide a wide
range of colors, but they do not provide a wide range of intensities for an
individual color.  Static colors work well for displaying most vector objects.
Static colors also support the display of multiple raster and vector objects
within the graphic display window.
 
Dynamic colors are allocated as the current color requirements demand.  Dynamic
colors are most suited to raster applications, such as image display, where
precise color fidelity is needed.  For example, given an image that requires
256 gray shades, a display colormap that contains all dynamic colorcells can
better accommodate the color requirements of the image than one that contains
all static colorcells.
 
The color requirements for an application that requires the display of both
vector and raster data might use a display colormap that contains both static
and dynamic colorcells.  Determining the optimum number of static and dynamic
colorcells requires some experimentation and depends upon the display that is
to be created.
 
The most common X terminals and workstation consoles have 8-bit planes.  The
default display colormap configuration for an 8-bit workstation is 216 total
colors, all of which are static colors.  Electrostatic plotters have different
numbers of total colors available.  The following table provides a useful
guideline for maximum device colors.
 
device                            max. colors      max. static colors
CalComp electrostatic - 58000      1024              1000  (10)3
CalComp electrostatic - 5912       1024              1000  (10)3
HP electostatic 7600                256               216   (6)3
Versatec electrostatic 8900        4096              4096  (16)3
8-bit devices                       256               216   (6)3
16-bit devices                    65536             64000  (40)3
 
ARC/INFO may be among several applications running on a workstation.  Each
application can have its own color requirements.  When the workstation can no
longer simultaneously satisfy the color requirements of all applications, it
does so only when the application is the focus of attention (when the cursor is
positioned within the window).  When this happens, other windows on the screen
may 'flash' as the cursor is moved around the screen.  For example, you might
see the color blue in one window change to red as the cursor moves into the
next window where the color requirements are different.  The likelihood of
color flashing increases as the total size specified for the display colormap
increases, and as the number of static colors decreases.
 
